The Parisian club has now won the season-opening cup on 14 different occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward win in the showdown between the French league winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired twice late to seize a surprise advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood converted from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital equaliser in the dying seconds to send the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving decisive kicks from O'Riley and Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
The record winners PSG, who met last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the past thirteen seasons.